Ôn tập kiến thức học kỳ 2 môn Tiếng Anh 10 - Unit 9: Preserving the environment - Năm học 2019-2020 - Trường THPT Nguyễn Thái Học

 Tiếng Anh 10 – Học Kỳ 2 Năm học: 2019 – 2020
 UNIT 9: PRESERVING THE ENVIRONMENT
 LESSON 1: VOCABULARY + READING
 * VOCABULARY REVIEW
Word Type Pronunciation Meaning
aquatic (adj) /əˈkwætɪk/ dưới nước, sống ở trong nước
article (n) /ˈɑːtɪkl/ bài báo
chemical (n)/ (adj) /ˈkemɪkl/ hóa chất, hóa học
confuse (v) /kənˈfjuːz/ làm lẫn lộn, nhầm lẫn
+ confusion (n) /kənˈfjuːʒn/ sự lẫn lộn, nhầm lẫn
consumption (n) /kənˈsʌmpʃn/ sự tiêu thụ, tiêu dùng
contaminate (v) /kənˈtæmɪneɪt/ làm bẩn, nhiễm
damage (v) /ˈdæmɪdʒ/ làm hại, làm hỏng
deforestation (n) /ˌdiːˌfɒrɪˈsteɪʃn/ sự phá rừng, sự phát quang
degraded (adj) /dɪˈɡreɪd/ giảm sút chất lượng
deplete (v) /dɪˈpliːt/ làm suy yếu, cạn kiệt
+ depletion (n) /dɪˈpliːʃn/ sự suy yếu, cạn kiệt
destruction (n) /dɪˈstrʌkʃn/ sự phá hủy, tiêu diệt
ecosystem (n) /ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm/ hệ sinh thái
editor (n) /ˈedɪtə(r)/ biên tập viên
fertilizer (n) /ˈfɜːtəlaɪzə(r)/ phân bón
fossil fuel (n.phr) /ˈfɒs.əl ˌfjʊəl/ nhiên liệu hóa thạch (làm từ sự phân
 hủy của động vật hay
 thực vật tiền sử)
global (n.phr) /ˌɡləʊbl ˈwɔːmɪŋ/ sự nóng lên toàn cầu
warming
greenhouse (n.phr) /ˈɡriːnhaʊsɪˈfekt/ hiệu ứng nhà kính
effect
influence (v,n) /ˈɪnfluəns/ ảnh hưởng, tác dụng
inorganic (adj) /ˌɪnɔːˈɡænɪk/ vô cơ
long-term (adj) /ˌlɒŋˈtɜːm/ dài hạn, lâu dài
mass-media (n.phr) /ˌmæs ˈmiːdiə/ truyền thông đại chúng
pesticide (n) /ˈpestɪsaɪd/ thuốc trừ sâu
polar ice /ˈpəʊlə(r) aɪs ˈmeltɪŋ/ sự tan băng ở địa cực
melting
pollute (v) /pəˈluːt/ gây ô nhiễm
+ pollutant (n) /pəˈluːtənt/ chất ô nhiễm
+ pollution (n) /pəˈluːʃn/ sự ô nhiễm
preserve (y) /prɪˈzɜːv/ giữ gìn, bảo tồn
+ preservation (n) /ˌprezəˈveɪʃn/ sự bảo tồn, duy trì
protect (v) /prəˈtekt/ bảo vệ, che chở
+ protection (n) /prəˈtekʃn/ sự bảo vệ, che chở
sewage (n) /ˈsuːɪdʒ/ nước cống
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8. The natural environment has been seriously influenced and degraded by human activities through many 
decades.
A. worsened B. damaged C. destroyed D. reduced 
Choose the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
9. Soil pollution leads to lack of fertile land to grow enough food for an increasing population.
A. arid B. rich C. unclean D. deserted
10. Global warming may lead to many negative changes, including harsher weather conditions.
A. more unbearable B. milder C. more extreme D. more serious
IV. READING: A. Choose the word or phrase to fill in the blanks in the following passage:
 Nowadays, people are more aware that wildlife all over the world is in (1)_______. Many species of 
animals are threatened, and could easily become (2)_______ if we do not make an effort to protect them. 
There are many reasons for this. In some cases, animals are (3)_______ for their fur or for other valuable 
parts of their bodies. Some birds, (4)_______ as parrots, are caught alive and sold as pets. For many animals 
and birds, the problem is that their habitat - the place where they live - is (5)_______. More and more land is 
used for farms, for houses and for industry. All the Earth is being polluted seriously. If we do not control our 
action, there will be only one successful animals on the Earth - human beings.
 1. A. problem B. vanishing C. threat D. danger 
 2. A. appeared B. empty C. bloomed D. extinct
 3. A. game B. chased C. hunted D. extinct
 4. A. like B. such C. or D. where
 5. A. disappearing B. disappears C. being disappeared D. disappeared 
B. Read a text and answer the questions that follow. 
 THE BALANCE OF NATURE
 All the different plants and animals in a natural community are in a state of balance. This balance is 
achieved by the plants and animals interacting with each other and with their non-living surroundings. 
 The plants of a community are the producers: they use carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen to build up 
their tissues using energy in the form of sunlight. The plant tissues form food for the plant-eating animals 
(herbivores) which are in turn eaten by flesh-eating animals (carnivores). Thus, plants produce the basic 
food supply for all the animals of a community. The animals themselves are the consumers, and are either 
herbivores or carnivores.
 Examples of herbivores in a woodland community are rabbits, deer, mice and snails, and insects such 
as aphids and caterpillars. The herbivores are sometimes eaten by the carnivores. Woodland carnivores are 
of all sizes, from insects such as beetles and lacewings to animals such as owls, shrews and foxes. Some 
carnivores feed on herbivores, some feed on the smaller carnivores, while some feed on both: a tawny owl 
will eat beetles and shrews as well as voles and mice. These food relationships between the different 
members of the community are known as food chains or food webs. All food chains start with plants. The 
links of the chain are formed by the herbivores that eat the plants and the carnivores that feed on the 
herbivores. There are more organisms at the base of the food chain than at the top; for example, there are 
many more green plants than carnivores in a community. 
 Another important section of the community is made up of the decomposers. They include the 
bacteria and fungi that live in the soil and feed on dead animals and plants. By doing this they break down 
the tissues of the dead organisms and release mineral salts into the soil.
1. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
 A. All the plants in a wood are eaten by animals. 
 B. All the animals in a wood depend on plants for their food supply. 
 C. Plants and animals in a natural community do not interact with their non-living surroundings. 
 D. The balance of a natural community means there is no primary species. 
2. All of the following statements are true, EXCEPT ____.
 A. some animals eat other animals B. plants depend on the sun to grow 
 C. plants depend on the gasses in the atmosphere to grow D. not every food chain starts with plants 
3. Which of the following is NOT an example of carnivores?
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 UNIT 9: PRESERVING THE ENVIRONMENT
 LESSON 2: LEXICO - GRAMMAR
 * GRAMMAR REVIEW
I. REPORTED SPEECH
1. Statement: Câu tường thuật
 Form: S + asked / told sb + that + Mệnh đề lùi thì
Ex: “I will come back tomorrow” Mary said.
 Mary said that she would come back the next day.
Note: said => said that said to sb => told sb that
2. Command: Câu yêu cầu, đề nghị
 Form: S+ asked / told + sb + (not) + to V
Ex: “Don't talk in class” The teacher said to us. The teacher told us not to talk in class.
3. Yes / No Questions
 Form: S + asked + (sb) + if / whether + Mệnh đề lùi thì
Ex: "Can you speak English, Diep?" I asked. I asked Diep if she could speak English.
4. Wh-Question
 Form: S + asked + (sb) + Wh + Mệnh đề lùi thì
Ex: “Where are you from?” He asked me He asked me where I were from.
5. Không lùi thì
 Form: S+ V (hiện tại) + (sb) + Mệnh để không lùi thì
Ex: “I'm very exhausted now” she says. She says she is very exhausted now.
 * BẢNG LÙI THÌ
 DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
 Simple present Simple past
 Present continuous Past continuous
 Present perfect Past perfect
 Simple past Past perfect
 Past continuous Past perfect continuous
 Future (will/shall) Future in the past (would/ should)
 Near future (be going to V) Was/were going to V
 Can Could
 May Might
 Must Had to
 Needn’t Didn’t have to
* BẢNG LÙI TRẠNG NGỮ
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 ...
3. “Are you a student?” the woman asked the boy.
 ...
4. The captain said to them: “Wait here until I come back”.
 ...
5. “I’ll finish it by the end of this week,” he said.
 He promised...
6. “You shouldn’t use your cars for short distances,” the teacher said.
 The teacher advised her students ..
V. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS: Choose the best option.
1. "He can juggle five balls!" said Angie. Angie said he ____ five balls. 
A. juggled B. had juggled C. would juggle D. could juggle
2. “You must give me your essays," Mrs Vine said. Mrs Vine said we ____ give her our essays.
A. were having to B. would have to C. had to D. must
3. I asked the man next to me ____ me the salt.
A. pass B. if he passes C. to pass D. if he would pass 
4. "Would you mind waiting for a moment?" the shop assistant asked the woman. 
 The shop assistant asked the woman ____ for a moment.
A. to wait B. waiting C. if she waits D. if she minds waiting 
5. “Please don't leave your dirty football boots in the hall," Mum said to Doug.
 Mum told Doug ____ dirty football boots in the hall. 
A. that he doesn't leave his B. not to leave his C. not to leave your D. don't leave his 
6. "Could you tell us where you were at six o'clock?" the police officer asked Barry.
 The police officer asked Barry ____ had been at six o'clock. 
A. telling him where you B. where he tells him he 
C. to tell him where you D. to tell him where he 
7. "Could I have your e-mail address?" I asked Mariella. I asked Mariella ____ e -mail address. 
A. to give me her B. give me your C. give me her D. gave me your 
8. "Can I have a new Xbox for my birthday?" I asked my mum. I asked my mum ____ a new Xbox 
for my birthday. 
A. that she gets me B. get me C. to get me D. if she could have me 
9. "What's your name?" she asked me. She asked me ____.
A. what your name is B. what your name was C. what my name is D. what my name was 
10. "Are you a student?" the man asked the boy. The man wanted to know ____.
A. if I was a student B. if the boy was a student C. if I am a student D. if the boy is a student
11. "What school are you going to?" he asked me. He wanted to know ____. 
A. what school am I going to B. what school you are going to 
C. what was the school I go to D. what school I was going to 
12. "I won't be home this evening because I have to work late," Mike said. Mike said that ____. 
A. I wouldn't be home this evening because I had to work late 
B. he wouldn't be home this evening because he had to work late 
C. he won't be home this evening because he has to work late
D. he wouldn't be home that evening because he had to work late 
Choose the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions:
13. Tim called yesterday and said he needed the report right now.
A. called B. said C. needed D. now
14. Rosy said that she will come back there on another project the following year.
A. said B. will come back C. there D. the following
15. The teacher asked his students to focus on your topic.
A. asked B. his students C. to focus D. your
16. Mr Jones told his children not to wasting fresh water.
A. told B. his children C. not to D. wasting
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